An Exploration of Cultural Differences in Perceptions of and Responses Dissertation

An Exploration of Cultural Differences in Perceptions of and Responses to Sexual Harassment in a Title One High School - Dissertation Example In the current research participants from grades 7 through 11 were studied using a phenomenological approach to understand their perception and response to sexual harassment and correlate this with their cultural background. Interview and observation were used as tools for data collection. An Exploration of Cultural Differences in Perceptions of and Responses to Sexual Harassment in a Title One High School Introduction Sexual harassment (SH) is a gender based phenomenon of extreme concern affecting the present and future life of many young students of either sex throughout the world (Rahimi & Liston, 2011). In U.S. SH in middle and high school has been of common occurrence with almost half (48%) of students confirming to have experienced some form of sexual harassment in a 2011 survey, with approximately 87% admitting that it has an adverse impact on them. This comes as surprise since SH in schools has been infrequently reported (Hill & Kearl, 2011). Sexual harassment, a term origina lly coined with reference to workplace behavior has also come to include incidences in school. In school it refers to sexual conduct that negatively affects students’ academic interests. ... Girls are more frequently a target compared to boys (56% against 40%), with their experiences being more physical and intrusive compared to that of boys (Hand & Sanchez, 2001). Most harassers belong to peer with lesser number of incidences involving school staff (Eckes, 2006). In 1980, the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) recognized two forms of actionable SH; the quid pro quo harassment and the hostile environment harassment. The former refers to threat or assurance of consequences due to forbidding or offering of sexual favors. These favors may be demanded explicitly or implicitly and must involve substantial consequences. On the other hand hostile environment type of sexual environment refers to the work or school environment becoming totally offensive or difficult as a consequence of sexual overtures, conduct or physical gestures. In either case the environment is uncomfortable and unsuitable for pursue individual goals (Zimbroff, 2007). Legal provisions dealing wit h SH in schools are provided by the Title IX, the Education Amendments, passed by the Congress in 1972. The act states that ‘no person in Unites States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving financial assistance (p1681)’. The law also addresses peer-on-peer sexual harassment and considers it as a discrimination occurring in school premises and during school hours thus rendering it as a suitable cause of action against school authorities (DeSouza & Solberg, 2003). There have been several controversies and confusions with respect to legal definitions of perceptions of hostility and psychological harm that renders a SH case as

Greek and British Political Systems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Greek and British Political Systems - Essay Example System of governance: The country was ruled by a monarchy until a military dictatorship forced the king of the country to flee the country in 1967. A democratic form of government was created in 1974 along with the abolition of monarchy. â€Å"A military dictatorship, which in 1967 suspended many political liberties and forced the king to flee the country, lasted seven years. The 1974 democratic elections and a referendum created a parliamentary republic and abolished the monarchy.† (World Fact Book: Greece: Background). The country which is also known as the Hellenic Republic is qualified to be called a parliamentary republic. Constitution: The constitution of the country was created in 1975 soon after the country adopted a democratic form of government in 1974. it was in effect the adoption of the same constitution that was adopted from the one created in 1952, but removing all clauses that were related to monarchy. Amendments were made in 1986 and 2001. the constitution had causes that were similar to constitutions that were associated with democracies. Some of the major clauses were equality of Greeks, freedom of personality, the inviolability of home and private life, the right of petition, assembly and association, the right to work and unionise, the protection of the environment etc. (The Fifth Revisionary Parliament of the Hellenes Resolves). Head of state: The head of state in Greece is the president. He is elected by secret ballot by the parliament and has limited powers. The maximum period that a person can be president is two years and during that time no other posts, positions or functions can be taken up. A two thirds majority is needed from the parliament to be elected to the post. The presidents powers are more representative of the country in nature and real powers of governance are vested with the prime minister and the Greek Parliament. Legislative Power: As in most democracies the legislative power rests with the Greek parliament headed by the prime minister. A parliament member can hold the term of office for a period of four years. There are 300 members in the parliament and election is though secret ballot. The president shall appoint the leader of the majority party as prime minister. Judiciary: The country has there types of judiciary namely the civil, criminal and administrative courts. The highest judiciary is the Supreme Court of the country known as Areios Pagos. Administrative Divisions: For the purpose of governance the country is divided into 51 administrative division or prefectures called nomos in Greek. Political Parties: The main political parties in the country is the ruling New Democracy party (New Demkratia), the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) and the Communist Party of Greece (KKE). Others include the Coalition of the Left and the Progress (SYRIZA) and the Popular Orthodox Rally (LA.O.S). A comparison with the British Political System: System of governance: The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland also includes Scotland and Wales. Unlike modern Greece, Britain is having an uneasy truce after a long period of violence with Ireland. Britain follows a system known as Constitutional monarchy. The country is one of the longest free states in

Social Psychology Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Social Psychology - Assignment Example The people of different races are provided equal access to education and job opportunities. It is largely believed that the provision of equal opportunities would increase the tolerance level and a feeling of fraternity between different races. However racism and discrimination is realities that do exist at some level till date. We still have a long way to go. The results of the Clarke and Clark study demonstrated that young African American children in segregated school gave priority to the white dolls over the black dolls as opposed to children in integrated schools. It is said to reflect the low self esteem, self depreciation and self-hate amongst the children as a function of the segregation. This experiment practically demonstrates that the young children are taught from the beginning to accept and endorse the separation and inequality on the basis of their skin color alone. The children by choosing to opt for the white doll negated the principle of humanity that should be followed at all costs. The young and impressionable minds learned from an early age that they were inferior to their white counterparts. The effects of discrimination in the personality development and the over all perception of on life is drastic because they happen at such an early influence able stage (Killen and Levi, 2010). The black people who tend to face discrimination have such low self esteem that they are known to settle for jobs which pays inadequately. On top of dealing with the inner demons, the black people also have to overcome many a mental stereotypes and a substandard preformed ideology about them at the societal level. Their feelings of self worth is further depreciated and infringed when they are discriminated and segregated at a larger scale. According to the experiment of Clarke and Clark the segregation and discrimination at an early point in life

Biased Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Biased Media - Essay Example According to the Fair.org web site, there are several steps to follow in order to detect bias in the news media. The following is a summary of those steps: First the source needs to be identified, focusing mainly on his/her political perspective. Second, identify the race and gender diversity of the sources. Third, establish the points of view of the reporters. Fourth, identify the standards, if there are double. Fifth, find out if the stereotypes limit the coverage to certain group. Sixth, identify the assumptions that are taken for granted and not evaluated any further. Seven, investigate the wording used in the reports. Eight, investigate if there is a lack of context. Nine, investigate if the headlines and the stories are related. Ten, what is the importance given to the story, find out if the coverage given to important news is appropriate. (How to detect bias in News Media. Fair.org) Also, the web site New Bias Explored, the art of reading news, provides a set of guidelines in order to investigate what forms the news bias take. These guidelines are very similar to the ones presented in the previous paragraph: Word choice, Omissions, Limiting Debate, Story Framing, Sources, The four influences of the news: Geography, Objectivity, Institutional Affiliation, The medium. (News Bias Explored, The art of reading News) With all these guidelines and the previous method, let us perform an analysis on a very well known subject and find out if the media is biased. The news would be "Spears will loose custody of children." (Spears will lose custody of children, CNN.com) Based upon the word choice analysis, the title nor the context include the word temporary. It misleads the public upon believing this is a final decision. The article is limited and omits the consequences resulting from the judge's temporary decision, for example how much child support would Ms. Spears have to pay if she was to lose the custody of her children. The debate is also limited since it only mentions small statement regarding the wishes of Ms. Spears and there is no mention of the purposes of Mr. Federline. The story has been framed since it evolves only around the fact that Ms. Spears will lose the custody of her children, when it might focus on the reasons to pursuit the new split conditions, thus changing the emphasis and context of the news. The only source mentioned in this article is Superior Judge Court, Scott Gordon, since it is a temporary decision, other sour ces might be irrelevant. Within the four influences of the news, within the geography guideline, there is not much debate since it falls under the regionalism, the news takes place within the United States. Objectivity is referred to the method of the journalist's searching for the truth. In this case, the reporter is only informing the public and not trying to obtain the truth behind Mr. Federline's new intentions. From the analysis method presented by Fair.org, there is a double standard while presenting Ms. Spears habits and continuous usage of controlled substances and alcohol. Where as to, Mr. Federline's habits were not mentioned. The headlines and the story are partially related, since further down the article it mentions Ms. Spears' due date for her new album,

Alexander Hamilton vs Aaron Burr Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Alexander Hamilton vs Aaron Burr - Essay Example This dual occurred on July 11, 1804. Both Hamilton and Burr served as officers in the revolutionary war and then later tuned to politics. Hamilton became the secretary of American treasury during the George Washington administration and Burr became the New York senator and the vice president of America in the Thomas Jefferson administration. Even though the conflicts between them started as early as in the 1790’s, it attained fearful proportions in the early part of the 19 th century. (McNamara) Thomas Jefferson and Aaron Burr fought for the ticket of Democratic-republican alliance for the President election in 1800. Both of them got 73 electoral votes each and the fight ended in a tie. Hamilton used this occasion very well and wrote letters and used all his influence with the Federalists to thwart Burr. The voting went on for several days, and after 36 ballots the tie was finally broken. Thomas Jefferson became the President of United States and Aaron Burr was declared as the vice president. It is believed that Alexander Hamilton played a major role in defeating Aaron Burr (Election of 1800 Was Significant and  Controversial) In 1804, even though Aaron Burr ran for governor of New York State, he lost the election, due to vicious attacks levelled against him by Hamilton The conflict between these two prominent figures continued at the beginning of the 19 th century also and finally Burr issued a challenge. Both of them agreed to finish their conflict in a dual fight. They agreed to assemble at a duelling ground on the heights in Weehawken, across the Hudson River from Manhattan, on the morning of July 11, 1804 with their supporters (McNamara). Burr arrived first at the sight as agreed between them and Hamilton arrived after the Burr and his supporters took positions. Both the parties exchanged salutations before the beginning of the fight. They positioned at a distance of ten full paces. They then proceeded to load the pistols in each

The Second Rate Speaker Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Second Rate Speaker - Essay Example The presentation is on the entrepreneurship within the Computers Industry and is a two-part presentation to be delivered by Mr. Bruce. However, part 1 of the presentation did not go well as Mr. Bruce certainly lacked preparation and was unable to impress the audience. Many of the audience were of the opinion that they may not be able to attend the second session provided the quality of the presentations and the jokes shared by the speaker. During the first session, he touched many topics which were not directly related with the topic and kept on sharing things which were directly related with the topic of discussion. It was clearly evident that either there was a clear lack of interest by Mr. Bruce or there was lack of preparation and skills to deliver such kind of informative sessions. There were many occasions where he completely failed to deliver what was required therefore a rapport with audience cannot be developed easily during the session. In order to deal with the situation, there are few options available which may be needed in order to ensure that next session remains productive and informative for the participants. One of the options is to basically disallow Mr. Bruce and hire someone else to deliver rest of the sessions. Secondly, Mr. Bruce can be coached in how to deliver effective presentations which can keep the interests of the audience as well as deliver the required message to the audience. 1. A coaching session may kindly be arranged for Mr. Bruce to provide him effective tools and techniques as to how to develop a presentation and what kind of information is required to be included. Further, through this short coaching session, the overall feedback of the participants should also be provided to Mr. Bruce. In the light of the overall feedback, the coaching session shall be developed. 2. This coaching session will be in-house and delivered by our own Staff based upon the overall criteria defined and outlined by

Analyze the ways in which at least three supporting characters Essay

Analyze the ways in which at least three supporting characters contribute to the readers understanding and assessment of the cha - Essay Example Jay Gatsby - Analytical Elaboration Perhaps, the most important character of â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, for the purpose of aptly analyzing and understanding Jay Gatsby, is that of Daisy Buchanan. As a matter of fact, for all people reading this novel, it would be almost impossible to form the right opinion about Jay Gatsby without relating him to Daisy. When Jay Gatsby is viewed by separating him from all other chief characters of the novel, one would conclude that he is an out and out materialistic man with hardly any morals. But this contention is far from the truth. There are several positive facets of the central character, and which can be best understood only when they are viewed in relation to Daisy Buchanan. Before Gatsby leaves for participating in the Second World, Daisy gives him a commitment that she would await his return. But later, she broke her word and married Tom Buchanan, a wealthy man. This particular action of Daisy was in no way less than a devastating expe rience for Gatsby, who then decided to amass lot of wealth solely for the purpose of making sure that Daisy returns to him. In these materialistic pursuits, Gatsby indeed deviated from the accepted ethical norms. Had she (Daisy) chosen to sincerely wait for the return of Gatsby from the War, he would have been an entirely different man.